Wednesday, May 13, 2020

JavaScript Execution Order Code and Guide

Designing your web page using JavaScript requires attention to the order in which your code appears and whether you are encapsulating code into functions or objects, all of which impact the order in which the code runs.   The Location of JavaScript on Your Web Page Since the JavaScript on your page executes based on certain factors, lets consider where and how to add JavaScript to a web page.   There are basically three locations into which we can attach JavaScript: Directly into the head of the pageDirectly into the body of the pageFrom an event handler/listener It doesnt make any difference whether the JavaScript is within the web page itself or in external files linked to the page. It also doesnt matter  whether the event handlers are hard-coded into the page or added by the JavaScript itself (except that they cant be triggered before they are added). Code Directly on the Page What does it mean to say that JavaScript is  directly in the head or body of the page?  If the code is not enclosed in a function or object, it is directly in the page. In this case, the code runs sequentially as soon as the file containing the code has loaded sufficiently for that code to be accessed. Code that is within a function or object is run only when that function or object is called. Basically, this means that any code inside the head and body of your page that is not inside a function or object will run as the page is loading  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  as soon as  the page has loaded sufficiently to access that code. That last bit is important and impacts the order in which you place your code on the page: any code placed directly in the page that needs to interact with elements within the page must appear after the elements in the page on which it is dependent. In general, this means that if you use direct code to interact with your page content, such code should be placed at the bottom of the body. Code Within Functions and Objects A code inside functions or objects is run whenever that function or object is called. If it is called from code that is directly in the head or body of the page, then its place in the execution order is effectively the point at which the function or object is called from the direct code. Code Assigned to Event Handlers and Listeners Assigning a function to an event handler or listener does not result in the function being run at the point at which it is assigned —  provided that you are actually assigning the function itself and not running the function and assigning the value returned. (This is why you generally do not see the () on the end of the function name when it is being assigned to an event since the addition of the parentheses runs the function and assigns the value returned rather than assigning the function itself.) Functions that are attached to event handlers and listeners run when the event that they are attached to is triggered. Most events are triggered by visitors interacting with your page. Some exceptions exist, however, such as the load event on the window itself, which is triggered when the page finishes loading. Functions Attached to Events on Page Elements Any functions attached to events on elements within the page itself will run according to the actions of each individual visitor — this  code runs only when a particular event occurs to trigger it. For this reason, it doesnt  matter if the code never runs for a given visitor, since that visitor has obviously not performed the interaction that requires it. All of this, of course, assumes that your visitor has accessed your page with a browser that has JavaScript enabled. Customized Visitor User Scripts Some users have installed special scripts that may  interact with your web page. These scripts run after all of your direct code, but before any  code attached to the load event handler. Since your page knows nothing about these user scripts, you have no way of knowing what these external scripts might do  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  Ã‚  they  could override any or all of the code that you have attached to the various events to which you have assigned processing. If this code overrides  event handlers or listeners, the response to event triggers will run the code defined by the user instead of, or in addition to, your code. The take home point here is that you cannot assume that code designed to run after the page has loaded will be allowed to run the way that you designed it. In addition, be aware that some browsers have options that allow disabling of some event handlers within the browser, in which case a relevant event trigger will not launch the corresponding event handler/listener in your code.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Context of Modernism Free Essays

string(123) " gave them progress cognition and engineering to get the better ofing and the rational and severe impression of modernism\." Introduction CONTEXT OF MODERNISM Modernism is a set of cultural or aesthetic manners which associates with the scientific and the artistic motion which started in the decennary around the First World War and have dominated among several motion such as cubism, functionalism and surrealism. Sarup, M. ( 1993 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Context of Modernism or any similar topic only for you Order Now However in architecture, modernism reacts to the dedication of turn toing new edifices after the two World Wars such as mass lodging of traditional signifiers and the potency for researching new conditions of production such as new stuffs and engineering. Le Corbusier and Mies van der Roche were the cardinal influences of modern architecture ; they took several civilizations and tradition to explicate the impression of modern architecture. Curtis, W. J.R. ( 2001 ) . Modernist have the thought that architecture should hold a consequence as being ‘functionalistic, positive, technocentric, and rationalistic ‘ with their edifice or urban planning. Harvey, D. ( 1990 ) page 35. In the World War II, Modernism became popular particularly in the United State where it took on a new life by utilizing different engineerings such as steel frame and glass drape walls for building skyscrapers and suburban office Parkss and shopping centres which were cost-efficient. Ghirardo, D. ( 1996 ) . CONTEXT OF POSTMODERNISM Postmodernism is really equivocal to depict because it has certain elements that relates to modernism. The term originated within creative persons and critics in the United State in the 1960s and it was distributed in the European and other industrial states in the seventiess. However postmodernism is an unstable construct of motion within an beforehand capitalist civilization that argue the ocular attacks in literary unfavorable judgment of art, movie, manner and architecture within the political economic societal conditions of the late twentieth century. It besides involves the new relationship between world and nature. Ghirardo, D. ( 1996 ) . Postmodernist impression of attacks to architecture derived from modernism political orientation of architecture, and it even influences some postmodern designers, this is because of their cognition from preparation and besides their modern methods of buildings but they besides add their new construct to their edifices. Jencks, C. ( 1988 ) . There are three rules that Robert Stern ‘s article portrays to depict the features of postmodernism, the first feature is ‘contextualism, ‘ this describes the single edifice as ever a fragment that represents its environment. The 2nd is ‘allusionism ‘ , which emphasise the edifice of its historical and cultural facets, and the 3rd is ‘ornamentalism ‘ , and this suggests all the walls of the edifice to hold an architectural significance. ( See the work of Robert Stern ) Bertens, H. ( 1995 ) page 59. Postmodernism has besides emerged the classical phase whereby it has influenced certain postmodern designers like Michael Graves, James Stirling, Norman Neuerburg and even Philip Johnson ‘s AT A ; T edifice ( see figure 1 ) . Jenks emphasise that the ‘Free-Style Classicism ‘ determines some features of postmodern architecture which started exactly from the 1980s. ( See the work of Charles Jencks ) Bertens, H. ( 1995 ) page 64. Critic OF POSTMODERNISM ON MODERNIST NOTION OF ARCHITECTURE David Harvey argues about if ‘postmodernism, for illustration, stand for a extremist interruption with modernism, or is it merely a rebellion within modernism against a signifier of high modernism. ‘ Harvey, D. ( 1990 ) page 42. This message is to oppugn the architecture of the postmodern motion, Harvey so explains by underscoring that postmodernism has widely identify a interruption with the modernist construct that planning, planing and development should concentrate on the wide-scale, technologically rational and economically urban program which should be strict on thoughts of design with a functionalist perceptual experience of an international manner. Harvey, D. ( 1990 ) . The most influential critic on postmodernism and modernism is Charles Jenks, he portrayed architecture from a lingual point of position as accents in his book ‘The Language of Post-Modern Architecture ‘ . Jenks argues that postmodernism architecture is non a interruption of modernism but nevertheless it ‘s seeking to get the better of the political orientation of its architecture non by dropping it but by widening the ‘language ‘ to a different degree into a common and commercial but off from tradition. He listed all the old edifices as which had modern features and named them as the ‘ersatz, ‘ nevertheless he calls the new edifice as the ‘social pragmatism. ‘ Jencks, C. ( 1991 ) page 97. Furthermore he pinpoints the exact day of the month for the decease of ‘modern architecture ‘ as he reference at 3:32 autopsy, July 15, 1972 when the Pruitt-Igoe lodging undertaking built in 1951 was demolished. Similarly Charles Jenks explores further the thought of the modernist thought within postmodernism architecture, he argues that postmodern architecture is ‘double coded ‘ , this suggest that postmodernism is an eclectic mixture of traditional codifications with modern 1s this shows that modernism is ever one of the codifications that signifiers postmodernism so postmodern architecture has evolve from modernism but it must travel beyond modern manner. Therefore postmodernism is to interrupt wholly or drop modernist thought of architecture but has extended it into a different impression. Jenks explores Mies van de Roche who is a modern designer, he argues that the usage of steel I- beams for edifices are ‘nasty ‘ and ‘brutal ‘ and has no intent for its users or developers so hence postmodernism has evolve to happen solution of bettering the upon modernism. Bertens, H. ( 1995 ) . The indicant that modernism architecture is rational and severe is because the limitations and their influence on traditional signifiers and constructs which most postmodern designers see as ‘pass A ; eacute ; , ‘ nevertheless when postmodern architect design they contravene to tradition besides when they build their edifices they express it through a modern manner by underscoring on a mixture of different manners. Likewise in the description of postmodern architecture Paolo Portoghesi who besides criticise postmodernism argues that postmodern is any edifice that breaks modern constrains of historical manners with common influences. Kolb, D. ( 1990 ) page 88. The limitation of modern architecture on historical influences is one of the chief challenges of postmodernism. Jean-Francois Lyotard a postmodern critic explains that one features of postmodernism is the transform nature understanding in scientific and computerised society, this has gave them progress cognition and engineering to get the better ofing and the rational and severe impression of modernism. You read "Context of Modernism" in category "Essay examples" Sarup, M. ( 1993 ) . In favor of this, Joseph Fredrick who defended against the International Style ‘s and his ain thought of building explains that modernism in architecture has assorted characters but its onslaught was on its manner, which necessarily postmodernism has taking over. It is the severity of modernism ‘s traditional signifiers which postmodern took the advantage of scientific cognition to interrupt the historical influences and give freedom for designers to plan their edifice. Larson, M, S. ( 1993 ) . The division between modern and postmodern is that modern is restricted whereby postmodern has its freedom to plan. Furthermore modernist impression of architecture as rational and severe to traditional limitation has non been negated by postmodern but it has interpreted and integrated modernist political orientation. However Jencks argue that postmodernism has non become a interruption or dropped the thought of modernist architecture but it has evolve from modernism, and has notice the apprehension of the development of its clip so they change the way and extended its features to accommodate its epoch. Portoghesi, P. ( 1980 ) . Therefore postmodernism is normally known as the ‘stylistic phenomenon ‘ . Ghirardo, D. ( 1996 ) page 8 Charles Jenks argues that postmodern edifices in general have made a positive impact in architecture, since the 19th century technological building has made a huge betterment on edifices and has been overly-accurate as with the handmade assortment, this and other factors have become the chief ground for its interruption from modernism. Likewise he argues that postmodernism has taking radically from the construct of how to knowledge edifice infinite where as modernist to see infinite as something to be shaped for societal intents, they interpret infinite as something independent, to be design harmonizing to originative purposes but non to overreach its traditional influences. An illustration is Le Corbusier ‘s Domino edifices ( see figure 3 ) which started modernist development of infinite, nevertheless postmodernism reacted to this by looking for solutions to specify ‘place ‘ alternatively of abstract infinites and to set up the assorted ambiguity of infinites inste ad than the simple, predictable traditional edifice of modernist architecture. Jenks, C. ( 1990 ) . Le Corbusier ‘s Domino lodging undertaking There are certain characteristics of modernism which have been developed by postmodernist designers, the spacial thoughts such as superimposed and shallow simple infinites of Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier. Postmodernist have developed these facets into a more new sort of equivocal infinite with assorted complex elements. Jenks, C. ( 1988 ) . Charles Jencks points out that postmodern architecture have two grounds into important technological alteration ; the first is the modern-day communications have broken the strong modernist involvement of the rational and severe infinites based on map and of societal involvement. The 2nd is the progress engineerings for illustration computing machine patterning which has broken away from traditional restraints and permitted the flexibleness of planing and building. Jenks, C. ( 1990 ) . Postmodernism has non dropped modernist impression of architecture but it has taking certain elements of it such as infinite and even some traditional facets of edifice and developed it into a more complex manner. However it has set freedom from modernist construct that architecture should be severe and sensible. The progresss scientific engineering has aided postmodernism to germinate from modernism. Jenks, C. ( 1988 ) . Michael Graves as a postmodernism designer. Michael Graves was portion of the late-modern motion before he left the abstract construct attack to the New York Five in 1977 ; this group consisted of Peter Eisenman, Richard Meier, Michael Graves, and Charles Gwathmey. They introduce an progress technique of planing with ‘figural component ‘ , and this has influenced postmodern designers. Schulz, N. ( 1990 ) page 7-8. He so left to fall in other designers such as Venturi, Moore, and Stern who were involve with the paradigm for postmodernism in America. Ghirardo, D. ( 1996 ) . Graves has become one of most influential designers in postmodernism, his construct of fragments have become important to postmodernist designers to plan their edifice in a complex and equivocal manner which contradicts the impression of modernism. Graves has besides adapted postmodern classicalism in architecture such as the Portland Building and the Humana Building ( see figure 4 and 5 ) . Grave has taking the traditional signifiers and manners of classicalism and extended into a postmodern attack by presenting classical skyscrapers. Jenks, C. ( 1988 ) . THE PORTLAND PUBLIC SERVICES Building The Portland edifice ( see figure 4 ) was a really important municipal edifice within its epoch, which was begun in 1980 in Portland Oregon, this undertaking provoked modernist designers because it was one of the most inspirational edifice in postmodernism. Powell, K. ( 1995 ) . The public edifice is located in the center of the country whereby it had to hold a quality of postmodern landmark, but nevertheless his manner out was to convey back ‘figural signifiers ‘ to the edifice to portray the ‘public nature of the context and urban and the internal plan ‘ . He used the classical manner of administration by spliting the edifice into three parts ; which is the base, organic structure and the top. THE HUMANA Building Decision Bibliography Bauman, Z. , 2004. Identity conversation with Benedetto Vecchi. London: Polity Press. KING, D. A. , 2004. Spaces of Global Cultures Architecture Urbanism Identity. New York: Routledge. POWELL, K. , 1994. Lloyd ‘s Building Richard Rogers Partnership ARCHITECTURE IN DETAILS. London: Phaidon. POWELL, K. , 1999. Richard Rogers Complete Works Volume One. London: Phaidon. POWELL, K. , 2001. Richard Rogers Complete Works Volume Two. London: Phaidon. SIEBERT, H. , 2007. The World Economy A planetary analysis. 3rd edition. New York: Routledge. SILVER, N. , 1997. The Making of Beaubourg: A Building Biography of the Centre Pompidou, Paris. ( s.n. ) : MIT Press. SIMAI, M. , 1990. GLOBAL POWER STRUCTURE, TECHNOLOGY AND WORLD ECONOMY IN THE LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY. London: Pinter publishing houses Limited. STRELITZ, Z. , ed. , 2005. Tall edifices a strategic design usher. London: RIBA Publishing. VALE, J. L. , 2008. Architecture, Power, and National Identity. 2nd edition. New York: Routledge. WOODS, N. , ed. , 2000. The Political Economy of Globalisation. New York: Palgrave ( ANON ) Royal exchange luxury shopping and dining. How to cite Context of Modernism, Essay examples

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Choir Critique of Ha! Breath of Life free essay sample

The concert included many musical acts including choirs, Instruments such as hand-bells, guitar, oboe, etc, and also Included organ and piano. The songs that were performed were mostly Christmas songs Like Dance Into the Night, and O Come All Ye Faithful. The pieces were well performed, due to lots of practicing. The director, Sharon Carter, put a lot of effort into all aspects of the concert.She called in a choir from Saskatoon, and even an oboe player and a bassoon player! The concert started off by the Marrying Youth Choir (the choir I was involved with) handing out candles to all the adults in the audience. Next, all the choirs sang O Come All Ye Faithful, along with the hand bells. And then the Marrying Choir sang Dance into the night, which took my breath away on how well put together it was. Next from the same choir was Come and See. We will write a custom essay sample on Choir Critique of Ha! Breath of Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Following that was an Instrumental trio- oboe, bassoon and Plano playing O Come, O Come Emmanuel.And then came my groups turn. First, we sang the song When A Child Is Born, which I got lots of practice on because of choir here at HCI. And then we sang Glory to the Lamb, which was fabulous. Next, the hand bells and the organ played the song An English Christmas which was very well put together. Next was Be Still My Soul performed by the Mess Choir and the bassoon. Then came Ding Dong Merrily on High, by the hand bells, oboe and bassoon. Then came The First Newell snag by all the choirs. Then, Joy to the World, which Included all the Instruments as well.After the intermission, The Marrying Choir performed the song On Christmas Night, after the organ processional by Gregory Schultz. After the first song came The Hands That First Held Marry Child by the Marrying Choir and the bassoon. Following that came O Little Town Of Bethlehem, which was at first sung as a duet between Rata Frank and Renee Puppet, and then was turned over to the Marrying Choir. Then, Carol of the Bells, amazingly played by Sharon Gulag on piano. Next came the Childrens Choir, who sang Arrear and African Praise Song. Next was In The BleakMidwinter done by the piano oboe and bassoon. Next was Shepherds Pipe Carol, and Each Child, both done by the Marrying Women. After those two wonderful pieces came Westminster Carol, very lovely performed by the oboe, bassoon, and piano. Guessing which was done as a solo by the wonderful Maxine Moore, and then turned over to the Marrying Choir. A guitar and oboe duet was done on O Holy Night, and followed by Silent Night, which was performed by all choirs. All and all, the concert Nas a huge success, being sold out in the first week tickets went on sale.There was an audience of approximately 350-400 people, but to me, it seemed like Donning, England, which is the worlds largest concert facility. It was a truly amazing feeling to be a part of something like that. Every song went smoothly, with no hitches, or nothing to deter its ability to take your breath away. For me, the highlight was listening to all the men sing. It is truly a privilege to hear such talented, inspiring male singers. This was a well put together concert, with everyone involved putting their best foot forward. I will never forget this concert.

Tuesday, March 31, 2020

english is primery langugang in america Essays - Multilingualism

"Should the United States Congress Designate English to be the Nations Official Language" Is it fair to have a designated language for the country that has the freedom of speech and freedom of choice? There are many good arguments in defense of both sides of this controversial issue. It is hard to say if one side is right or one side is wrong. Due to no written official language in the United States it brings about many problems for this very diverse society. Who is to say that these problems are big enough to question whether there should indeed be an official language for the United States. Both political parties bring about good arguments. Republicans tend to think that the lack of an official language is effecting the job market. Immigrants that are trying to get jobs are not fully qualified and therefore requiring the government to take special actions to accommodate to all their demanding needs. On the other hand Democrats believe that neglecting to hire these immigrants for this very fact is discrimination. Since there is no official language for the United States there is no need for demanding language qualification to obtain a job (LatinoLinks, 1996). I totally understand the points that both political parties are making. I believe that if the United State were to have an official language then jobs would have the right to enforce a language policy, but since there is not an official language immigrants are clearly being discriminated against. I think that it is part of the job's responsibility to provide some of these extra services to their employees that need them. Employers should look past the whole language obstacle and see the other skills maintain by future employees. After reviewing survey results from both a popular magazine and a nation wide survey I concluded that overall they were very similar. From both studies around 90% of the surveyors felt that yes English should be declared an official language of the United States. The 10% that felt English should not be declared the official language stated that "It's ignorance and racism that cause these kinds of questions to be raised in the first place." (Should English, 1997) I think that some of these votes could be formed from the fact that most all Americans already speak English and that the majority of government documents are written in English. It is hard to convince people that English should not be the official language when the majority of things in the United States are already done in English. Making it the official language contradicts the freedoms that come with being a citizen in the United States. I do not think that it is right to have immigrants abandon their culture and beliefs when the United States is supposed to be the land of the free. There is such a high demand from immigrants to learn English, maybe we should reevaluate what English assistance is offered and how much of the demand is being met. When immigrants first come to America I think there are very few that would refuse to learn English making them incapable of everyday survival in society. I believe that in away we discourage their ambition to learn the language by giving them so many ways around just flat out learning the language. After time once many immigrants realize that they are able to keep their native language and make it in the United States they do not want to learn this new way of culture. I believe that it is not our right to force immigrants to change their culture to assimilate to the culture of American society. There are very few parts of the United States that strongly enforce multi-lingualism. Overall the majority of the United States allows different ethnic communities to diversely separate. The majority of the U.S. already allows the different ethnic communities; therefore I do not think there is a problem with multiculturalism throughout all of the United States. There is an understanding by the immigrants in these communities that if they decide to expand outside of their private community they have to function in English. I do not think that these communities should be broken up to establish a uniform society. The

Saturday, March 7, 2020

Joseph Stalin essays

Joseph Stalin essays When most people see or hear the name Joseph Stalin, they most commonly associate it with a violent and ruthless political leader of the Soviet Union who managed to send more Russians to their deaths than Hitler did Jews. Aside from this fact, most individuals know very little about Joseph Stalin and his rule over the Soviet Union. As surprising as it may (or may not) be, Stalin did much more than killing during his reign. In a matter of years he was able to transform Russia from a struggling nation into a world super-power. Despite Stalin's infamous reputation as a mass murderer and a fearful ruler, his economic and political achievements in Russia have made him one of the best socialist communist rulers of the 20th century. Joseph Stalin was born Joseph Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili on Dec 21st 1879 in Gori, Georgia of the Soviet Union to Vissarion (Beso) and Ekaterina Dzhugashvili. His parents were peasants who made little money. Joseph was routinely beat by his father in order to be "taught lessons" (this practice was not uncommon at this time). Joseph's father, Vissarion, abandoned the family and left for Tiflis. Joseph was enrolled in the Gori seminary at the age of eleven by his mother where he studied Russian Orthodox Christianity until he was nearly twenty years of age. Joseph involved himself in the socialist movement while enrolled in seminary school. Joseph spent a decade working in the political underground and constantly faced arrest and exile to Siberia. In 1912 he was elected to the Central Committee of Vladimir Lenin's ( first leader of Soviet Union) Bolshevik party. In 1913 he took on the surname Stalin after adapting it from the nickname "Stal", meaning "man of steel". After holding several high level administrative positions within the Soviet Union, he was elected to the office of General Secretary of the Communist Party. Stalin eventually built this position up as the most powerful position in the county, which p...

Thursday, February 20, 2020

CPU as the Central Processing Unit of the Personal Computer Assignment

CPU as the Central Processing Unit of the Personal Computer - Assignment Example Random Access Memory (RAM) is the other hardware which must also be checked to make sure it has sufficient amount of memory available for CPU in order to execute its commands. However if processor is replaced with a faster processor it will change the number of operations it can perform in a second. A processor having 1 GHz of speed will be able to make 1000 clock cycles in a second. Every command which user executes require specific number of clock cycles for the execution of work, and by increasing the speed of processor will optimize the execution which will make a particular CPU more efficient and will complete assigned tasks faster as it can (Torres, 2012). 2. Discuss disk fragmentation. Include performance, what causes it and how to fix it. There is another performance issue which is greatly overlooked is known as Disk Fragmentation which is occurred with the passage of time and usage of the system’s disk. On a newly formatted disk files and programs run faster and quick er but as time passes by it starts taking time to load large data files into the memory. Causes of Fragmentation: Disk fragmentation start taking place when the disk file system cannot find adequate amount of contiguous space for storing a complete file as a complete unit, but as an alternative it break a particular file in parts and then stores those parts in free gaps between other files. These gaps are caused due to a previously existing file which must have been deleted or altered or moved to another location (May, 2012). Countermeasures Partitioning: It is regarded as a common approach to optimize defragmentation in which the hard disk is separated into partitions. The partitions are created into sections of read and writes which allows volatile zones to remain separate (Hameed, 2008). Offline defragmentation: This process involves the existence of immovable system files which is also termed as a swap file can hinder the process of defragmentation. These files can be securely m oved when the operating system is not in the working state. 3. List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of multitasking Operating systems. Multitasking operating systems has the ability to run multiple programs to execute at a time. They are also capable of managing preemptive multitasking in which the OS allocates specified time to the applications running on the computer. Here are the advantages of Multitask OS: A multi-task OS can manage various processes simultaneously by sharing CPU time among the processes. Switches between operations are so frequent that user can easily interact with every running program. Multitask OS increases user productivity and allows easy transferring of data. This functionality also increases CPU utilization which allows processor to work smoothly on threads (bizymoms.com, 2011). Here are some of the disadvantages of Multitask OS: For a new user multitask OS will create a sense of confusion and he/she will get lost while working. In some case s it happens that the processing power and performance of the system is affected which slows down the CPU speed (May, 2012). PART 2 1. Can computer programs be developed with zero defects? Explain with supporting facts. Yes computer programs can be developed with zero defects but this state is very difficult to achieve. When the software or program starts increasing in size and complexity it becomes difficult to locate defects in the programs.  

Tuesday, February 4, 2020

Indigenous Australian and Diabetes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Indigenous Australian and Diabetes - Essay Example As such, Aborigines health is very poor compared to other Australians. Statistics indicate that only about forty percent of Aborigines are in good health compared to more than 80% of other Australians. This affects the mortality rate of these people, which is more than two times the non-indigenous Australians. Poor healthcare to Aborigines and their lifestyles increase chances of getting chronic diseases like diabetes. Diabetes is one of the diseases that has increased Aborigine mortality rate in the recent years. There are few clinics and healthcare centers in regions where aborigines live and their diet is also poor. At the same time, many cannot afford medication. More than 30% of the entire Aborigine population has diabetes. In addition, the government has been doing little to Aborigine health. Less than one percent of the national budget was used on Aborigine health. This is little money and may not have a high impact on the Aborigine health. Health experts and civil rights have lobbied the government to invest more in Aborigine healthcare. This paper will discuss Australian Indigenous Health, specifically diabetes, the current trends, why Aborigines are affected more than Non-Aboriginal Australians, strategies used to mitigate Diabetes and what can be done to improve the current intervention measures and strategies. Epidemiology Diabetes is one of the most common chronic conditions in the world today. The disease is as a result of low production of insulin which is responsible for regulating blood sugar in the body. Diabetes is characterized by high levels of blood sugar and can adversely affect the general health of the patient. The condition makes the body weak making the patient susceptible to opportunistic conditions, which can even lead to death. There are two common types of Diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 diabetes is caused an autoimmune disease of the beta cells of the pancreas. These cells are responsible for the production of insulin, which regulates blood sugar. Type 1 diabetes is most common in young people and accounts for 5 to 10% of the total diabetes patients. Type 2 diabetes is caused by health factors that have suppressing factors on the pancreas. Excess fats make it almost impossible for the beta cells to produce insulin and regulate body sugar. In fact, more than 75% of people having type 2 diabetes are either overweight or obese. Type 2 is common in adults and accounts for 90 to 95% of all diabetic patients (Hawley and Dunstan, 2008). There is no cure for either of the two types of diabetes, but research and experiments are underway to find a cure. Currently, diabetes is management is done to mitigate the risks that are associated these conditions for example (Thomas and Nestel, 2007). Type 1 diabetes patients have to live on insulin shots. They inject insulin on their hands every day according to the physician instructions. Type 2 diabetes patients are advised to exercise to lose weight and cut fats in the body. They can also use pills if the former strategy does not work. Diabetes patients have to eat healthy and exercise often to mitigate the effects of the condition (Speight, 2013). Prevalence of diabetes in Australia is relatively high, currently ranked the fifth country. Diabetes is common among the elderly people. There is a higher prevalence of diabetes to Aborigines in Australia compared to non-Aborigines. According to Australian Institute of Health and Welfare,